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NEW: REVISION EFFORT

ATTENTION: We are going through another systematic revision cycle of the OVN model. See more on <a href="/index.php?title=OVN_3.0" title="OVN 3.0">OVN 3.0</a> page..

Definition

Open Value Network (OVN) refers to a new organisational framework. This organisation is by nature and from birth <a href="/index.php?title=Transnational&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transnational (page does not exist)">transnational</a> (i.e. operating beyond the influence of <a href="/index.php?title=States&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="States (page does not exist)">states</a>).

OVNs rely on technology (digital infrastructures) to support their operations. They have no (or very few) formal mechanisms of power to allow centralization of control over the platform (the technological infrastructure) that enables the activities of the network, although it is evident that they exhibit informal power structures. Examples are <a href="/index.php?title=Bitcoin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bitcoin (page does not exist)">Bitcoin</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Ethereum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethereum (page does not exist)">Ethereum</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Sensorica" title="Sensorica">Sensorica</a>, etc.

"... blockchain technology and distributed ledger technology in general can facilitate the establishment and management of open value networks and value networks in general." [1]

"It is thanks to a platform on the internet that individual workers, motivated by the values of the peer to peer (P2P) or participative economy are involved in creating together innova-tions on distributed projects. In the context of participatory economics, this network illustrates new forms of cooperation, ways of managing collaborations based on the model of P2P, based on a partnership of shared values system." [2]

OVNs are open, they are also called <a href="/index.php?title=Permissionless&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permissionless (page does not exist)">permissionless</a>, i.e. access to participation is unrestricted, which means that anyone can become part of them without the need to go through a hiring process or to sign an employment contract.. The term network refers to a set relations between autonomous agents, which define their respective roles, including duties or responsibilities and rewards. Agents are called affiliates in the OVN model.

These organisations attract attention and resources to sustain themselves through gamification, i.e a set of incentives that are formally and directly linked to contributions and performance.

"Our thesis is that in order to reward all the participants in p2p [peer to peer] economic activity, and thus to incentivize contributions and make participation sustainable for everyone, we need to do contribution accounting: record everyone's contribution, evaluate these contributions, and calculate every participant's fair share. This method for redistribution of benefits must be established at the beginning of the economic process, in a transparent way. It constitutes a contract among participants, and it allows them to estimate their rewards in relation with their efforts. We call this the contribution accounting system."[3]

The OVN model has been applied to open source scientific hardware development [4].

"Open value networks, or OVNs, are voluntary, consensus-driven systems for measuring and valuing the in kind/ energy and financial contributions even the smallest ones (to make them visible) of each of its participants. Such systems are a growing trend among digital communities, according to a 2016 P2P Value study, which found that 86 percent of the 300 digital communities it studied use open value accounting systems.19 An “open value network” – a term first introduced by Verna Allee – describes “the connections between companies and the channels through which intangibles move between them.” An open value network is more distributed than conventional value chains, and not necessarily hierarchical."[5]

"The organizational model of Sensorica has been identified as an ‘Open Value Network’ (OVN). An OVN has been developed as a generic organizational and business model apt to enhance and support CBPP. It is highly adaptive, fully de-centralized and governed through distributed decision-making processes and resource allocation. Inspired by the practices exemplified by free and open-source projects, it supports open participation, with low barriers of entry and is designed to empower permissionless individual action through open knowl-edge and transparent processes." [6]

"An OVN is a generic organizational and business model, apt to enhance and support commons-based peer production. It can take various forms and can be adapted according to each context (Siddiqui & Brastaviceanu, 2013). OVNs allow individuals and organizations to create common value in an open environment, while keeping account of the different contributions in a common ledger system. All assets are commonly held by the network and the co-created value is distributed equitably within and beyond the network."[7]

References

[1] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8910187">Blockchain Value Networks; 2019 IEEE Social Implications of Technology (SIT) and Information Management (SITIM)</a>
[2] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbloc.2019.00029/full?">Reimagining New Socio-Technical Economics Through the Application of Distributed Ledger Technologies</a>
[3] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://r-libre.teluq.ca/1705/1/AJIBM_FINAL.pdf">From Open Innovation to Crowd Sourcing: A New Configuration of Collaborative Work? Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay, Amina Yagoubi, American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2017, 7, 223-244</a>
[4]<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3331281">Democratising Design in Scientific Innovation: Application of an Open Value Network to Open Source Hardware Design; Cumulus Working Papers 33/16: Cumulus Hong Kong 2016 – Open Design for E-very-thing, pp. 333-339.</a>
[5] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boell.de/en/2017/03/07/re-imagining-value-insights-care-economy-commons-cyberspace-and-nature">Re-imagining Value: Insights from the Care Economy, Commons, Cyberspace and Nature</a>
[6] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/25288">Peer to Peer: The Commons Manifesto</a>
[7] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.confrontations.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/1.Value-in-the-Commons-Economy_M.-Bauwens.pdf">Value in the commons economy: Developments in open and contributory value accounting</a>

It is the network that is open.

See more on <a href="/index.php?title=What_is_an_open_value_network%3F" title="What is an open value network?">What is an open value network?</a> .

Background

The model was first proposed, developed and implemented by <a href="/index.php?title=Sensorica" title="Sensorica">Sensorica</a> affiliates. Sensorica was created in February 2011. Initially, the model evolved from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/multitudeinnovation/home/discovery-network">Discovery Network</a> model proposed by <a href="/index.php?title=Tibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibi">Tibi</a> between 2008 and 2010. Between 2011 and 2012, the model was developed in collaboration by <a href="/index.php?title=Tibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibi">Tibi</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Steve" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve">Steve</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Kurt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurt (page does not exist)">Kurt</a>, <a href="/index.php?title=Bayle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayle (page does not exist)">Bayle</a> and others, and drew from the work of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vernaallee.com/valuenetworks.html">Verna Allee</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commons-based_peer_production">Yochai Benkler</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Bauwens">Michel Bauwens</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_Shirky">Clay Shirky</a>, and others. After the summer of 2012, the network resource planning and contribution accounting system (<a href="/index.php?title=NRP-CAS" title="NRP-CAS">NRP-CAS</a>) was influenced by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.google.com/u/0/113885495827197979519/about">Bob Haugen</a> who has been working in this area since 1995.

From May 2013 to May 2014, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.linkedin.com/in/siddiquiyasir/">Yasir</a> worked on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sensoricablog.blogspot.ca/2013/11/blog-post.html">a framework for open value network</a> in collaboration with other <a href="/index.php?title=Sensorica" title="Sensorica">Sensorica</a> affiliates. The OVN model was extended to network of networks, in the context of the Open Alliance initiative also lead by <a href="/index.php?title=Sensorica" title="Sensorica">Sensorica</a>, an attempt to federate open organizations in Montreal. In 2016 the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sensorica.co/projects/4th-sector/NOICE">NOICE/Verdun project</a> built on the Open Alliance initiative, as a second attempt to bring the OVN model at a larger scale.

See more on <a href="/index.php?title=OVN_history" title="OVN history">OVN history</a>.

Other <a href="/index.php?title=Organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Organizations">organizations</a> have adopted a model similar to Sensorica

<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.comakery.com/">CoMakery</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collectiveone.org">CollectiveOne</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/open-app/open-app-graphql-server">Scuttlebutt</a>

It should be noted that the OVN work will input directly into international ISO standards development, namely, ISO/IEC 15944-15 "Information technology - Business Operational View - Part 15: Ope Value Networks(OVN): Integrated perspective on Open-edi, eBusiness, blockchain and distributed transactions". The lead international ISO Project Editor : <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://broad.msu.edu/facultystaff/mccarthy/">Prof. William McCarthy</a>, with Jake Knoppers as one of two Co-Project Editors. The international ISO standards committee responsible here is ISO/IEC JTC1/SC32/WG1 (where JTC1 = Joint ISO, IEC = Technical Committee on Information technology, SC = Data Management & Interchange, WG1 = eBusiness)

Important sections

<a href="/index.php?title=Economic_model" title="Economic model">Economic model</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Infrastructure" class="mw-redirect" title="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Legal_structure" title="Legal structure">Legal structure</a> and <a href="/index.php?title=Legal_framework" title="Legal framework">Legal framework</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Metrics" title="Metrics">Metrics</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Culture" title="Culture">Culture</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Ethos" title="Ethos">Ethos</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Theoretical_background_-_living_systems" title="Theoretical background - living systems">Theoretical background - living systems</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Theoretical_background_-_collective_intelligence" title="Theoretical background - collective intelligence">Theoretical background - collective intelligence</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Dictionary" title="Dictionary">Dictionary</a>

Examples of open value networks

Go to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ovn.space/">OVN.space</a>

<a href="/index.php?title=Sensorica" title="Sensorica">Sensorica</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tip.webfactional.com/">iAGRI innovation portfolio</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metamaps.cc/">Metamaps</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metamaps.hackpad.com/">see their documents</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guerrillatranslation.com/">Guerilla Translation!</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bitmind.co/">Bitmind</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.collectiveone.org">CollectiveOne</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comakery.com/">CoMakery</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=Kendraio" title="Kendraio">Kendraio</a> building OVN for media
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/open-app/open-app-graphql-server">Scuttlebutt</a>

<a href="/index.php?title=Types_of_open_value_networks" title="Types of open value networks">Types of open value networks</a>

<a href="/index.php?title=Initiate_an_open_value_network" title="Initiate an open value network">Initiate an open value network</a>

<a href="/index.php?title=Current_issues_the_OVN_model_and_proposed_solutions" title="Current issues the OVN model and proposed solutions">Current issues the OVN model and proposed solutions</a>

Interesting links

<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multitudeproject.blogspot.ca/">Multitude Project</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://p2pfoundation.net/Main_Page">p2p Foundation</a>
<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://p2pvalue.eu/">P2PValue</a>

Interesting papers

<a href="/index.php?title=On_power" title="On power">On power</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=On_trust" title="On trust">On trust</a>
<a href="/index.php?title=On_governance" title="On governance">On governance</a>

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